Storage

Available in Classic

In addition to the default storage of the server, you can add HDD or SSD storage to the server. You can delete or transfer added storages, or you can expand their capacity.

Check storage information

Describes the Storage interface configuration and how to view storage information.

Storage interface

From the NAVER Cloud Platform portal, navigate to Console > > Services > Compute > Server > Storage to view the Storage interface.

The Storage interface includes the following components:

Create storage

To add a storage to the server, you need to first create a storage from the NAVER Cloud Platform console. To create a storage from the NAVER Cloud Platform console:

1. In the Classic environment of the NAVER Cloud Platform console, navigate to > Services > Compute > Server.
2. Click the Storage menu.
3. Click [Create storage].
4. On the Create storage popup, enter information and click [Add].
   • Storage volume type: Select the type you want according to the purpose of use.
     • SSD: For high-performance I/O
     • HDD: For general services
   • Storage name: Must be 3-30 characters long. They must contain uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, hyphens, and/or underscores. Must begin with a letter, and if the name is not entered, it is created automatically.
   • Zone: Select the zone to place the storage.
   • Select applied server: Select the server to which you want to connect the storage.
   • Select snapshot: To create a storage using a snapshot you have, select the desired snapshot (see Create storage with snapshot).
   • Size: Entered in units of 10 GB within the scope guided on the interface.
   • Max IOPS: Check the maximum IOPS value.
     • For SSD as the selected storage volume type, the value varies with the specified storage size (see Storage specifications).
     • For HDD as the selected storage volume type, the IOPS value is fixed.
5. In the confirmation popup, review the details and click [OK].
   • The created storage is displayed on the storage list.
   • Once you create a storage and complete the tasks including disk partitioning, formatting, and mounting, you are ready to use the storage.
     • To use the storage, proceed with the Mount storage (Linux) or Register storage volume (Windows) tasks.

Use storage

To use the added storage, you need to mount the storage or register the storage to the server as a volume. The following describes how to mount the storage to the Linux server and how to register the storage volume on the Windows server.

Mount storage (Linux)

To use the storage added to the server, you need to mount the storage on the server. To mount the added storage, proceed with the next steps.

• 1. Check storage status.
• 2. Partition disk.
• 3. Format storage.
• 4. Mount storage.
• 5. Mount information retention settings (fstab settings).

1. Check storage status

To access the server and check the storage status:

1. Access the Linux server on which to mount the added storage.
   • For more information about how to access the server, see Access Linux server.
2. Enter the su - command and enter the password one more time.
   • You are logged in with the root permission.
3. Enter the fdisk -l command to check that the /dev/xvdb disk has been added.

2. Partition disk

To set disk partitioning:

1. Enter the fdisk /dev/xvdb command.
2. Enter n in the Command prompt.
3. To create a primary type partition, enter p. To create an extended type partition, enter e.
4. Enter a number and a sector component for the partition to create.
   • To mount the entire disk, enter the default values.
5. Enter w in the Command prompt.
   • The partition settings are applied.

3. Format storage

To set the file system to the partition:
From the following commands, enter the applicable one for the image of the server to mount to format the partition.

• CentOS 7.x: mkfs.xfs /dev/xvdb1
• Ubuntu: mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdb1

4. Mount storage

To mount a storage:

1. Enter the mkdir /mnt/a command to create the directory.
   • The mount point /mnt/a is created.
2. Enter the mount /dev/xvdb1 /mnt/a command to connect the storage and the directory.
   • The storage is mounted on /mnt/a. You can now use the storage.
3. Enter the df -k command to check if the mount is completed properly.
   • The /dev/xvdb1 mount directory is displayed on the file system list.

   Filesystem      Inodes IUsed   IFree IUse% Mounted on
   /dev/vda2      4718080 74947 4643133    2% /
   /dev/vda1       524288   333  523955    1% /boot
   /dev/xvdb1       49984     3   49981    1% /mnt/a
   

5. Mount information retention settings (fstab settings)

To maintain the mounting settings after the Linux server is booted, you need to change the volume settings in /etc/fstab. /etc/fstab is the path that stores the volume information to be mounted in the booting stage. To change the volume settings to maintain the storage mounting information after booting:

1. Enter the following command to open the volume information configuration file.

   vi  /etc/fstab
   

2. See the following table to add the settings of the xvdb1 volume.
   • Examples of volume information

     /dev/xvdb1      /mnt/a      ext4        defaults        1       2
     

     Column	Meaning	Description
     	/dev/xvdb1	Volume name
     	/mnt/a	Mount point
     	ext4	File system type
     	defaults	Option
     	1	Dump settings
     	2	fsck setting

3. Enter the :wq command to end the editor.

Unmount storage (Linux)

To unmount the storage mounted on the Linux server:

1. Access the Linux server from which to unmount the storage.
   • For more information about how to access the server, see Access Linux server.
2. Enter the umount /mnt/a command.
   • The storage mounted on /mnt/a is unmounted.

Register storage volume (Windows)

To use the added storage, you need to register the storage as a volume on the Windows server. To register an added storage as a volume, proceed with the next steps.

• 1. Initialize disk.
• 2. Create and format volume.

1. Initialize disk

To initialize a disk:

1. Access the Windows server to which to register the added storage as a volume.
   • For more information about how to access the server, see Access Windows server.
2. After clicking , navigate to Windows Administrative Tools > Computer Management > Disk Management.
   • Alternatively, you can enter diskmgmt.msc on the run command window.
3. On the Initialize disk popup, select the disk to add, select Mater Boot Record (MBR), and click [OK].
   • The disk is initialized.
   • If no popup appears, find the disk indicated as Not initialized on the disk list, right-click on the disk name, and click Initialize disk.

2. Create and format volume

To create and format the storage volume for the server:

1. On the disk list, find the disk indicated as Unallocated, right-click on the disk name, and click New simple volume.
2. Click [Next].
3. Enter the simple volume size and click [Next].
4. Select the drive letter to allocate and click [Next].
5. Set the partition format and click [Next].
6. Check the settings and click [Finish].
   • Once formatting is completed and the disk status shows normal, the storage is ready for use.

Unmount storage volume (Windows)

To disconnect the registered storage volume on the Windows server:

1. Access the Windows server.
   • For more information about how to access the server, see Access Windows server.
2. After clicking , navigate to Windows Administrative Tools > Computer Management > Disk Management.
   • Alternatively, you can enter diskmgmt.msc on the run command window.
3. On the list that appears, find the partition to expand, right-click on the partition name, and click Offline.
   • The disk is disconnected from the server, and the partition status shows Offline.

Connect to server

To connect a storage to the server:

1. In the Classic environment of the NAVER Cloud Platform console, navigate to > Services > Compute > Server.
2. Click the Storage menu.
3. On the storage list, select the storage to connect to the server, and click [Connect to server].
   • Only storages with the Available status can be connected to a server.
4. From the Select applied server on the popup, select the server to connect, and click [Yes].
   • The storage is connected to the selected server. To use the storage, proceed with the Mount storage (Linux) or Register storage volume (Windows) tasks.

Disconnect from server

You can relocate a storage by disconnecting it from the current server and connecting it to a different server. To disconnect a storage from the server:

1. Unmount the storage volume from the server.
   • For more information about how to unmount a storage volume, see the following:
     • Linux server: Unmount storage (Linux)
     • Windows server: Unmount storage volume (Windows)
   Note

   In the case of a storage connected to the Linux server, delete the mounting information of the storage from /etc/fstab of the connected server after unmounting the storage.

2. In the Classic environment of the NAVER Cloud Platform console, navigate to > Services > Compute > Server.
3. Click the Storage menu.
4. On the storage list, select the storage to disconnect from the server, and click [Disconnect from server].
5. In the confirmation popup, review the details and click [Yes].
   • The storage is disconnected from the server, and the storage status shows Available.

Change storage size

You can expand the size of the storage in use. It is applied when you expand the storage size and change the partition and the file system according to the server system from the NAVER Cloud Platform console.

Expand storage

To expand the storage size from the NAVER Cloud Platform console:

1. In the Classic environment of the NAVER Cloud Platform console, navigate to > Services > Compute > Server.
2. Click the Storage menu.
3. From the storage list, select the storage to expand, and navigate to [Storage settings] > Change storage.
4. Enter the new size in the Storage size item on the Change storage popup, and click [OK].
   • The storage size is changed. To use the changed storage, proceed with expanding the partition and file system (Linux/Windows).

Expand partition and file system (Linux)

To expand the partition and the file system on the Linux server: The description is based on the /dev/xvdb1 storage.

1. Access the Linux server.
   • For more information about how to access the server, see Access Linux server.
2. Enter the su - command and enter the password one more time.
   • You are logged in with the root permission.
3. Enter the lsblk command to check the status of /dev/xvdb1 storage.
   • If you are unable to see the status of /dev/xvdb1 storage after executing the command, check if the storage is connected to the server.
4. Enter the following command to unmount the /dev/xvdb1 storage:
   • Although the growpart command can be run without unmounting the storage as a preliminary task for running the growpart command, it is best to unmount the storage or back up the snapshot first to prevent data loss.

   umount /dev/xvdb1
   

5. Enter the growpart command to expand the partition.
   • Unmount the storage or back up the snapshot first to prevent data loss due to using the growpart command.
   • There is a blank between the storage name and the partition number due to the growpart [스토리지] [파티션 번호] command, so be careful when entering.

   growpart /dev/xvdb 1
   

   Note

   If the growpart command is not properly executed, enter the following command to install the right package for the operating system:

   • CentOS 7.x

     yum install cloud-utils-growpart
     

   • Ubuntu 18.04

     apt-get update
     
     apt-get install cloud-guest-utils
     

6. Enter the lsblk command to check the status of partition expansion.
7. Enter the following command to check the file system status of the partition:

   e2fsck -f /dev/xvdb1
   

8. From the following commands, enter the applicable one for the file system in use to mount the file system and expand its size:
   • ext4

     mount /dev/xvdb1 /data
     
     resize2fs /dev/xvdb1
     

   • xfs

     mount /dev/xvdb1 /data
     
     xfs_growfs /dev/xvdb1
     

9. Enter the df -h command to check if the expansion and the mount are completed properly.

Expand partition and file system (Windows)

To expand the partition and file system from the Windows server:

1. Access the Windows server.
   • For more information about how to access the server, see Access Windows server.
2. After clicking , navigate to Windows Administrative Tools > Computer Management > Disk Management.
   • Alternatively, you can enter diskmgmt.msc on the run command window.
3. On the list that appears, find the partition to expand, right-click on the partition name, and click Extend Volume.
   • If the storage size has been successfully expanded on the console, the applicable disk shows the added size as Unallocated along with the expandable partition.
4. Click [Next].
5. Enter the space to expand and click [Next].
6. Check the settings and click [Finish].
   • The disk volume is expanded.

Create snapshot with storage

You can create a snapshot of the current status of the storage in use. For more information about how to create a snapshot, see Create snapshot.

Delete storage

To delete the added storage:

1. In the Classic environment of the NAVER Cloud Platform console, navigate to > Services > Compute > Server.
2. Click the Storage menu.
3. On the storage list, select the storage to delete, and click [Delete storage].
4. In the confirmation popup, review the details and click [Yes].
   • The storage is returned and deleted from the list.